| ORIGINAL ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2022 | Volume
: 34
| Issue : 2 | Page : 216-222 |
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Distribution pattern of total corneal thickness in keratoconus versus normal eyes using an optical coherence tomography
Hassan Hashemi1, Zahra Heidari2, Mehrdad Mohammadpour3, Hamed Momeni-Moghaddam4, Mehdi Khabazkhoob5
1 Noor Ophthalmology Research Center, Noor Eye Hospital, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Ophthalmology, Bu-Ali Sina Hospital; Department of Rehabilitation Science, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
3 Noor Ophthalmology Research Center, Noor Eye Hospital; Department of Ophthalmology, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
4 Health Promotion Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan; Department of Optometry, School of Paramedical Sciences, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
5 Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Correspondence Address:
Zahra Heidari
Department of Ophthalmology, Bu-Ali Sina Hospital, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari
Iran
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None
DOI: 10.4103/joco.joco_198_21
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Purpose: To evaluate the total corneal thickness distribution pattern using a high-resolution spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (HR SD-OCT) for distinguishing normal eyes from keratoconus (KCN).
Methods: One hundred and forty-four patients were enrolled in three groups (55 normal, 45 mild KCN, and 44 moderate-to-severe KCN eyes) in this prospective diagnostic test study. Total corneal thickness was measured in 8 semi-meridians using HR SD-OCT (Heidelberg Engineering, Heidelberg, Germany) in 5 and 7 mm zones. The central corneal thickness (CCT), corneal focal thinning (minimum thickness [Min], min minus median and maximum [Min-Med, Min-Max]), and asymmetry indices (inferior minus superior [I-S] and supranasal minus infratemporal [SN-IT]) were calculated. One-way analysis of variance and the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) were used for the analysis.
Results: Thinner CCT, lower Min thickness, more negative Min-Max, Min-Med, and greater I-S and SN-IT were found in KCN eyes compared to the control group (P < 0.001). The inferior and IT semi-meridians were the thinnest locations in KCN cases in the 5 mm central zone (P < 0.001). CCT followed by Min-Med had the highest discriminative ability for differentiating mild KCN (AUC, sensitivity and specificity: 0.822, 87.0%, 60.37% and 0.805, 82.93%, 66.0%, respectively) and moderate-to-severe KCN (0.902, 87.82%, 73.08% and 0.892, 85.37%, and 78.85%, respectively) from normal corneas.
Conclusion: The inferior and IT sectors of the cornea with the largest thickness changes in the 5 mm zone are the most common thinning sites in keratoconic corneas, and CCT and Min-Med are the most sensitive indices for the diagnosis of KCN.
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